English Literature

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Unit 9th Class Notes ( Short Questions,Long Questions,Practical Questions Solved) View/Download 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry View/Download 2 Structure of Atoms View/Download 3 Periodic Table & Periodicity of Properties View/Download 4 Structure of Molecules View/Download 5 Physical States of Matter View/Download 6 Solutions View/Download 7 Electrochemistry View/Download 8 Chemical Reactivity View/Download

One of the most prominent features of the literary style of Jane Austen is her frequent use of irony. In fact, in no other book is her use of irony more pronounced than in Pride and Prejudice. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen employs a variety of irony, verbal, thematic , situational, and dramatic. The title of the novel contains a hidden strain of thematic irony.  Jane Austen subtly introduces an inversion in the thematic foibles, �Pride� and �Prejudice� and the characters they belong to. It is Darcy who is supposed to have the pride and Elizabeth who is supposed to have the prejudice. But in their misunderstandings with each other, they accuse each other of excessive pride and prejudice.                                                                                                         Verbal irony is present in profusion in Pride and Prejudice . The oft-quoted opening sentence of the novel is one of the finest example of verbal irony: �It is truth universally acknowledged tha

�Pride and Prejudice� was first written in 1797 under the title  �First Impressions� . It was later revised and published under the title �Pride and Prejudice� in 1813 . First impressions do play an important role in the novel. Elizabeth is misled in her judgment of both Darcy and Wickham. Her attitude towards both the characters is only a result of the First Impressions. But if we study the novel deeply, we find that �Pride and Prejudice� is an apt title. The first impressions only last for the first few chapters of the novel while pride and prejudice permeate the soul of the novel. The novel is about the pride of Darcy and the prejudice of Elizabeth caused by their mutual misunderstanding. Earlier in the novel, Mary describes Pride as ��a common failing. Human nature is particularly prone to it� . Mr. Darcy stands as the most obviously proud character. Wickham tells Elizabeth that he has a �filial pride� and we tend to agree with Mrs. Bennett�s complaint that �He walked here and

SHUAIB ASGHAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH GOVT. RAZVIA ISLAMIA COLLEGE HAROONABAD, PAKISTAN     William Cuthbert Faulkner , an American writer, worked in a variety of media; he wrote   novels ,   short stories, a   play ,   poetry ,   essays   and   screenplays during his career. He is primarily known and acclaimed for his novels and short stories. He was awarded the 1949   Nobel Prize   for Literature. Some of his great works are �The Sound and the Fury�, �As I Lay Dying�, �Sanctuary�, �Light in August�, �The Hamlet�, �The Wild Palms�, �Absalom Absalom�. William was the eldest of the four children but he did not get on very well with his brothers, and these early disparities between him and his brothers caused his some anxieties which were aggravated by his father�s strange hostility to him. In the meantime, William�s father started drinking more heavily than before, with the result that William�s mother felt miserable though she did try to adjust herself to her husband�s drunkenness. Ho

SHUAIB ASGHAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH GOVT. RAZVIA ISLAMIA COLLEGE HAROONABAD, PAKISTAN Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. (Macbeth,   Act V, Scene 5) When Macbeth learns of his wife's death, he cries out the above lines, which can be used as a clue to the meaning of the novel or to the structure of the novel. Certainly Faulkner plays with the idea that life is nothing but a shadow. The word   shadow   appears continually throughout Quentin's section, and it also occurs frequently throughout the rest of the novel. The implication of life is used by Faulkner to suggest that the actions performed by modern man are only shadows when compared with the greater actions performed by men of the past � that modern man is only a shadow of a being, imperfectly formed and inadequate to cope with the problems